Bell From The PS Great Western, 1837

• This is the ship’s bell from Isambard Kingdom Brunel’s first ship the PS Great Western. The ship was designed to “extend” the Great Western Railway, linking London with New York, via Bristol.
• Made from bronze, the bell is engraved with “Great Western Steamship, 1837.”, the year the ship was launched in Bristol Harbour.
• The bell would have been rung to indicate the time on board the ship. Unfortunately, it no longer makes a sound as the clapper was removed at an unknown point in the past.
• The PS Great Western was a paddle steamer made from wood and powered by a steam engine driving two paddlewheels, one on each side of the hull.
• It was the first steamship built for the Atlantic Ocean and could make the journey from Bristol to New York in as little as 13 days. Traditional sailing ships took 4 or 5 weeks to make the same journey!

Building the PS Great Western

In 1835 Brunel’s Great Western Railway between London and Bristol was under construction. Brunel liked the idea of people being able to travel from London to New York, by steam train and then steamship.  He spent an evening talking with his colleague and fellow engineer Thomas Guppy about how they could turn the idea into reality. From this conversation the Great Western Steamship Company was created with the aim of building ships, powered by steam engines, to carry passengers and cargo on a reliable service across the Atlantic Ocean.

Other steamships had already crossed the Atlantic, but they had always used sail as their main source of power, only using the engine for additional power when needed. Brunel was convinced a ship could be built able to steam the whole way. Many people believed a ship could not be made large enough to carry all the coal it needed. By making the ship much bigger Brunel proved that it could carry enough coal and, at 72 metres long, the PS Great Western was the biggest ship in the world when she was launched in 1837.

Work on the PS Great Western started in June 1836, at William Patterson’s yard in Bristol harbour. Her hull was made from oak and she had a coal powered steam engine which was attached to the two gigantic paddlewheels that powered the ship through the water. Designed to carry wealthy, first class passengers the ship was richly decorated with the main saloon painted salmon pink with gold decoration and columns made to look like palm trees. At the front of the ship was a golden figurehead of Neptune with 2 dolphins. It had 128 first class beds, however, with the fashion at the time for women to wear large skirts with many petticoats, some found their cabins to be a little too narrow to get dressed in!

Maiden transatlantic voyage

Brunel attended the launch of the PS Great Western in Bristol on 19 July 1837 and by the spring of 1838 it was ready for its first voyage across the Atlantic Ocean. Sadly, the voyage was delayed by a fire in the engine room. After the fire had been put out, Brunel fell off a burnt ladder and was badly injured. He had to be taken off the ship and was unable to then sail on its maiden transatlantic voyage.

The PS Great Western left Bristol on the 8 April 1838, with only 7 passengers onboard, many others had cancelled their trips after learning about the fire. It arrived in New York 15 days and 5 hours later. With nearly 200 tons of coal left over it proved once and for all that a ship could steam all the way across the Atlantic.

The PS Great Western proved a great success for the Great Western Steamship Company, so a second ship, also designed by Brunel, the SS Great Britain was launched on the 19 July 1843 to help carry even more passengers to New York.